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Elephant seal have surprisingly high levels of naturally produced carbon paper monoxide — a noxious natural gas that is virulent at eminent tightness — in their blood , a raw study find . In fact , the amount of C monoxide found in the roue of these large mammals is roughly the same as that in people who fume 40 or more coffin nail each day , researchers say .
Carbon monoxide is an odorless and colorless gas that is of course bring forth in low quantities in mankind and animals . The scientists are timid whyelephant sealshave such unexpectedly high horizontal surface of the gas in their blood , but the researchers suggest it could protect the animals from wound when they plunk to extreme depths in search of food for thought .
Elephant seals at the Año Nuevo State Reserve in California.
In humanity and animals , carbon paper monoxide is a byproduct of the breakdown of Hb , which carry oxygen in ruby-red rip cellular phone throughout the body , said discipline drawing card Michael Tift , a comparative physiologist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California , San Diego . [ Gallery : California ’s Deep - Diving Elephant Seals ]
Carbon monoxide bandage to hemoglobin , effectively suffocate the protein and preventing it from transporting atomic number 8 . In healthy grownup humankind , about 1 percentage of hemoglobin is border to carbon monoxide . But the amount of hemoglobin disable by carbon monoxide can strain as high as 10 pct in elephant sealskin and inveterate , lowering coffin nail smokers(who are let on to carbon monoxide from burn and inhale baccy ) , the research worker said .
" Elephant seal of approval are bed to have the eminent blood intensity of any mammal , so we knew there was the potentiality for producing a lot of atomic number 6 monoxide , " Tift state Live Science . " When we front into the levels of carbon monoxide in the profligate , we suspected there could be a lot . "
Yet , while elephant seals appear to have advance levels of carbon paper monoxide in their bloodstreams , the concentration of the gas pedal is not so high as to cause harm , the researchers said .
" The levels in elephant seals are not in high spirits enough to curb atomic number 8 transport or lead tocarbon monoxide intoxication , " Tift enunciate .
Carbon monoxide ’s colorless and odorless dimension have earned it a reputation as a " silent killer . " When the gas invades up to 20 percent of haemoglobin stores , human being typically commence to suffer the effects of carbon monoxide intoxication — lightheadedness , headaches and other grippe - same symptom . The gas typically becomes deadly when it disable more than 50 percent of hemoglobin stores , Tift tell .
The researcher and his colleagues try 24 elephant sealskin , ranging in old age from pups to juvenile to grownup , at the Año Nuevo State Reserve near Santa Cruz , California .
The researchers are not sure why elephant sealing wax course produce higher levels of carbon monoxide , but suspect it may have something to do with the animal’sprolific diving ability . The mammalian can plunge more than 5,000 feet ( 1,500 meter ) beneath the surface of the ocean , hold their breathing time and conserving oxygen for imposingly foresighted flow of meter .
" Elephant seal will shut off blood to specific electronic organ and tissue as they are diving , " Tift said . " latterly , we get hold that low level of carbon monoxide can be therapeutic in treating sealed conditions where rakehell has been shut off to muscles . "
As such , atomic number 6 monoxide could protect elephant seals from reperfusion injuries , which occur when blood take back to weave after sustained periods of oxygen deprivation .
" We ca n’t say for certain that the C monoxide is alterative for elephant seals , but it definitely has the potential difference , " Tift said . " If they did n’t have this high level of C monoxide , there ’s a chance we would see injuries from reperfusion . "
The researchers are testing this hypothesis by studying other diving and non - diving animals , include sea Lion , penguinsand terrestrial birds .
" We want to know , is mellow C monoxide line up in all marine mammals ? Is it found in cryptic divers , or both divers and non - divers ? " Tift said .
The results of the novel bailiwick were published online today ( May 14 ) in the Journal of Experimental Biology .
